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Operators in C and C++

gilgil

http://www.gilgil.net/16461

2012.05.17 12:48:41 (*.111.68.13)

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from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operators_in_C_and_C%2B%2B

Arithmetic operators

Operator name		Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T is any type)
Operator name		Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Basic assignment		`a = b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator =(const T& b);	N/A
Addition		`a + b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator +(const T& b) const;	T operator +(const T& a, const T& b);
Subtraction		`a - b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator -(const T& b) const;	T operator -(const T& a, const T& b);
Unary plus (integer promotion)		`+a`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator +() const;	T operator +(const T& a);
Unary minus (additive inverse)		`-a`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator -() const;	T operator -(const T& a);
Multiplication		`a * b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator *(const T& b) const;	T operator *(const T &a, const T& b);
Division		`a / b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator /(const T& b) const;	T operator /(const T& a, const T& b);
Modulo (remainder)		`a % b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator %(const T& b) const;	T operator %(const T& a, const T& b);
Increment	Prefix	`++a`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator ++();	T& operator ++(T& a);
	Suffix	`a++`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator ++(int);	T operator ++(T& a, int);
	Suffix	`a++`	Yes	Yes	Note: C++ uses the unnamed dummy-parameter int to differentiate between prefix and suffix increment operators.
Decrement	Prefix	`--a`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator --();	T& operator --(T& a);
	Suffix	`a--`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator --(int);	T operator --(T& a, int);
	Suffix	`a--`	Yes	Yes	Note: C++ uses the unnamed dummy-parameter int to differentiate between prefix and suffix decrement operators.

[edit]Comparison operators/relational operators

Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T is any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Equal to	`a == b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator ==(const T& b) const;	bool operator ==(const T& a, const T& b);
Not equal to	`a != b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator !=(const T& b) const;	bool operator !=(const T& a, const T& b);
Greater than	`a > b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator >(const T& b) const;	bool operator >(const T& a, const T& b);
Less than	`a < b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator <(const T& b) const;	bool operator <(const T& a, const T& b);
Greater than or equal to	`a >= b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator >=(const T& b) const;	bool operator >=(const T& a, const T& b);
Less than or equal to	`a <= b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator <=(const T& b) const;	bool operator <=(const T& a, const T& b);

[edit]Logical operators

Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T is any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Logical negation (NOT)	`!a`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator !() const;	bool operator !(const T& a);
Logical AND	`a && b`	Yes	Yes	bool T::operator &&(const T& b) const;	bool operator &&(const T& a, const T& b);
Logical OR	`a \|\| b`	Yes	Yes	`bool T::operator \|\|(const T& b) const;`	`bool operator \|\|(const T& a, const T& b);`

[edit]Bitwise operators

Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T is any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Bitwise NOT	`~a`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator ~() const;	T operator ~(const T& a);
Bitwise AND	`a & b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator &(const T& b) const;	T operator &(const T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise OR	`a \| b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator \|(const T& b) const;	T operator \|(const T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise XOR	`a ^ b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator ^(const T& b) const;	T operator ^(const T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise left shift^{[note 1]}	`a << b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator <<(const T& b) const;	T operator <<(const T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise right shift^{[note 1]}^{[note 2]}	`a >> b`	Yes	Yes	T T::operator >>(const T& b) const;	T operator >>(const T& a, const T& b);

[edit]Compound assignment operators

Operator name	Syntax	Meaning	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T is any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Meaning	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Addition assignment	`a += b`	`a = a + b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator +=(const T& b);	T& operator +=(T& a, const T& b);
Subtraction assignment	`a -= b`	`a = a - b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator -=(const T& b);	T& operator -=(T& a, const T& b);
Multiplication assignment	`a *= b`	`a = a * b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator *=(const T& b);	T& operator *=(T& a, const T& b);
Division assignment	`a /= b`	`a = a / b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator /=(const T& b);	T& operator /=(T& a, const T& b);
Modulo assignment	`a %= b`	`a = a % b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator %=(const T& b);	T& operator %=(T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise AND assignment	`a &= b`	`a = a & b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator &=(const T& b);	T& operator &=(T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise OR assignment	`a \|= b`	`a = a \| b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator \|=(const T& b);	T& operator \|=(T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise XOR assignment	`a ^= b`	`a = a ^ b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator ^=(const T& b);	T& operator ^=(T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise left shift assignment	`a <<= b`	`a = a << b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator <<=(const T& b);	T& operator <<=(T& a, const T& b);
Bitwise right shift assignment^{[note 2]}	`a >>= b`	`a = a >> b`	Yes	Yes	T& T::operator >>=(const T& b);	T& operator >>=(T& a, const T& b);

[edit]Member and pointer operators

Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T, T2 and R are any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Array subscript	`a[b]`	Yes	Yes	R& T::operator [](const T2& b);	N/A
Indirection ("object pointed to by a")	`*a`	Yes	Yes	R& T::operator *();	R& operator *(T& a);
Reference ("address of a")	`&a`	Yes	Yes	T* T::operator &();	T* operator &(T& a);
Structure dereference ("member b of object pointed to by a")	`a->b`	Yes	Yes	R* T::operator ->();	N/A
Structure reference ("member b of object a")	`a.b`	No	Yes	N/A
Member pointed to by b of object pointed to by a^{[note 3]}	`a->*b`	Yes	No	R T::operator->*(R);^{[note 4]}	R operator->*(T, R);^{[note 4]}
Member pointed to by b of object a	`a.*b`	No	No	N/A

[edit]Other operators

Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	Prototype examples (T, R, Arg1 and Arg2 are any type)
Operator name	Syntax	Overloadable	Included in C	As member of T	Outside class definitions
Function call See Function object.	`a(a1, a2)`	Yes	Yes	R T::operator ()(Arg1 a1, Arg2 a2, …);	N/A
Comma	`a, b`	Yes	Yes	R& T::operator ,(R& b) const;	R& operator ,(const T& a, R& b);
Ternary conditional	`a ? b : c`	No	Yes	N/A
Scope resolution	`a::b`	No	No	N/A
Size-of	`sizeof(a)`^{[note 5]} `sizeof(type)`	No	Yes	N/A
Align-of	`alignof(type)` or`_Alignof(type)`^{[note 6]}	No	No	N/A
Type identification	`typeid(a)` `typeid(type)`	No	No	N/A
Cast	`(type) a`	Yes	Yes	T::operator R() const;	N/A
Cast	`(type) a`	Yes	Yes	Note: for user-defined conversions, the return type implicitly and necessarily matches the operator name.
Allocate storage	`new type`	Yes	No	void* T::operator new(size_t x);	void* operator new(size_t x);
Allocate storage (array)	`new type[n]`	Yes	No	void* T::operator new[](size_t x);	void* operator new[](size_t x);
Deallocate storage	`delete a`	Yes	No	void T::operator delete(void* x);	void operator delete(void* x);
Deallocate storage (array)	`delete[] a`	Yes	No	void T::operator delete[](void* x);	void operator delete[](void* x);

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